Admissions for Presumed Social Reasons Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Hospital Outcomes

Main Article Content

Jasmine Cassy Mah
Samuel Searle
Katalin Koller
Gali Latariya
Karen Nicholls
Susan Freter
Maia von Maltzahn
Kenneth Rockwood
Melissa K Andrew

Keywords

social admission, Vulnerable Population, frailty, social vulnerability, social admission to hospitals, risk factors

Abstract

“Social admission” is a non-diagnostic label referring to an admission to a hospital for which no medical or health condition is deemed amenable to reversibility or rehabilitation; rather, the patient’s social circumstances are felt to be the sole cause of hospitalization. There is a growing realization that medical facilities are experiencing an increase in socially vulnerable patient presentations. Clinicians also face challenges in caring for this patient population, which may have atypical presentations in which medical and social complexity often align. To better understand individuals admitted for social reasons and to guide future care and research, we review (i) the epidemiology, (ii) risk factors, and (iii) health outcomes associated with being labeled as “social admission.” We draw attention to factors that may improve care for this patient population and offer potential solutions with clinical relevance. Clinicians should remain mindful that patients labelled as “social admissions” often have complex underlying medical problems, which may be acute, and are at high risk of poor outcomes.



Résumé
L’« admission sociale » est une étiquette non diagnostique qui fait référence à une admission à l’hôpital pour laquelle aucun trouble médical ou problème de santé n’est jugé réversible ou réadaptable; les circonstances sociales du patient semblent plutôt la seule et unique cause de l’hospitalisation. On se rend de plus en plus compte que les installations de soins de santé connaissent une augmentation du nombre de patients socialement vulnérables. Les cliniciens font également face à des défis dans la prise en charge de cette population de patients qui peuvent présenter des tableaux cliniques atypiques dans lesquels s’aligne souvent une complexité médicale et sociale. Pour mieux comprendre les personnes admises pour des motifs d’ordre social, et pour orienter les soins et les travaux de recherche à venir, nous examinons l’épidémiologie, les facteurs de risque et les résultats en matière de santé associés au port de l’étiquette « admission sociale ». Nous attirons l’attention sur des facteurs susceptibles d’améliorer les soins prodigués à cette population de patients, et proposons des solutions possibles et pertinentes sur le plan clinique. Les cliniciens doivent garder à l’esprit que les patients considérés comme étant des « admissions sociales » ont souvent des problèmes médicaux sous-jacents complexes, qui peuvent être aigus, et présentent un risque élevé de mauvais résultats.

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